Research work:

1.Details of impact analysis of KVK activities carried out during the reporting period:

1. Title: Knowledge and adoption regarding parasitic control in cattle owners

1.1. Name of Investigator:

1. Dr. Shrikant B. Katole
2. Shri J.H. Bhatt
3. Dr. G.G. Patel

1.2. Objectives:

1. To study knowledge and adoption level regarding parasitic control in cattle
2. To study constraint faced by cattle owner in adoption of parasitic control

1.3. Introduction:

      The economic losses in dairy cattle are associated with parasitism. This is accepted by animal keepers and at the same time neglected by most of the farmers. The degree of economic significance related to these losses, the burdens of parasites required to cause such losses, and the specific control measures needed to avoid these losses are, however, topics of serious debate and outright disagreement among parasitologists and veterinarians (Hawkins, 1993). This is because most cattle have parasite burdens that are truly subclinical, with no obvious signs of parasitism but significant losses in production. Anorexia, reduced feed intake loss of blood and plasma protein into the gastrointestinal tract, alterations in protein metabolism, depressed levels of minerals, inactivity of some intestinal enzymes and diarrhea etc. all contribute to depressed weight gain, wool growth and milk production (Soulsby, 2012) The overall incidence of GI parasitic infections in young animals (below 1 year) was higher followed by older (more than 5 years) and adult animals (1–5 years) and the difference was statistically significant (Maharana et al., 2016). Around 49.5% of  the  respondents  in  the  rural  and  78 %  in  the  urban  areas  practiced  deworming  to  their  milch  animals  at regular interval in South Gujarat (Prajapati et al., 2015). Among all of these, parasitic infections, mainly those caused by helminths are the major constraint for poor performance of cattle. Parasitic infestation is a major constraint of livestock and causes great economic loss to dairy industry by way of retarded growth, low productivity and increased susceptibility of animals to other infections (Yadav et al., 2004).

The deworming in buffaloes produced more milk from 45 days onward with a net gain of 1.20 L/d (Sanyal and Singh, 1995). Thus, there is need to convince the farmers regarding the benefits related to parasite control in cattle and to develop clear and effective parasitic control recommendations that will allow the farmer to realize benefits. Again the effective transfer of this information to the farmer is very important.  With this background a study has been taken to assess the knowledge regarding parasitic control, adoption rate and constraint faced by cattle owner in parasitic control.

1.4. Methodology:

1.4.1. Selection of Area: Sojitra Taluka Dist. Anand

1.4.2. Sample size:

            Total 100 farmers were randomly selected from ten different villages of Sojitra taluka for the present research work as respondents.

1.4.3. Data collection:

            Data were collected through personal interviews as per questionnaires prepared and data were analyzed. The present study was conducted in Sojitra taluka of Anand district. Total hundred farmers were randomly selected from ten different villages. Interview schedule was prepared to meet the aforesaid objective. Data was collected through personal interview and was analyzed.

Conclusion

It is concluded that farmers of Sojitra talukas are literate, have good economic condition and knowledge of use of parasitic control in animals and majority of farmers have adopted this technology. However, they are not following recommended practice of parasitic control in animals. Farmers of this area do not have any major constraint in purchasing medicines of parasitic control.

2. Impact of training on rose growers about rose production technology in Anand district

2.1 Investigator: 

1. Smt. Amita B. Parmar, Scientist (Horticulture), KVK, Devataj

2. Mr. Pinakin C. Patel, Assistant Professor, DEE, AAU, Anand

2.2  Objectives:

1. To study the profile of trained and untrained rose growers about rose production     technology

2. To study the impact of training on knowledge level of rose growers about rose production technology

3. To study the impact of training on adoption level of rose growers about rose production technology

4. To find out the constraints faced by rose growers in adoption of rose production technology

5. To seek suggestions from the rose growers

2.3. Introduction       

Deshi rose is one of the most important commercial flower crop growing in our country. The loose flowers are used in worship, making garlands, button holes and bouquets. It is also used for preparation of rose attar, rose oil, rose water and gulkand. The total area under rose cultivation in Gujarat is about 4000 ha, with production of 36000MT of loose flowers (Anon. 2016-17). In Gujarat major rose growing districts are Anand, Vadodara, Kheda, Ahmedabad, Mehsana, Rajkot, Surat, Valsad and Navsari. The total area under rose cultivation in Anand district is about 250 ha, with production of 2488 MT of loose flowers (Anon. 2016-17).

2.4       Methodology (in detail):

2.4.1    Selection of Area: Anand district of Gujarat state comprise of eight talukas and among those eight talukas, Anand and Tarapur talukas were purposively selected as number of rose growers were higher as compared to other talukas. Trainings on rose production technology were conducted by KVK, Anand in those talukas. 

2.4.2    Selection of villages and Sample size:

• Six villages (Tranol, Rasnol, Kunjarav, Zakhala, Rinza, Nabhoi) were selected purposively from both talukas where trainings on “rose production technology” were conducted by KVK, Anand from last eight years.
• From each village ten trained rose growers selected purposively and ten untrained rose growers were selected randomly.

Thus, total 120 rose growers were selected for the present study.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that majority of trained and un-trained deshi rose growers of Anand and Tarapur talukas are middle age group, marginal size of total land holding, small size of land under deshi rose cultivation, literate, have good economic condition. Trained rose growers have high level of extension contact, mass media exposure and economic motivation as compared to untrained. High level of knowledge and adoption level of rose production technologies was observed in majority of trained rose growers. Whereas, in untrained deshi rose growers half of them have medium level of knowledge and adoption. Trained deshi rose growers of these areas do not have any major constraint in adoption of rose production technologies.  Whereas untrained rose growers due to the medium level of knowledge about INM, Pruning, IPM, IDM technologies they have face difficulties in adoption. Trained farmers have fewer constraints about technical as compared to untrained farmers of deshi rose. However, both types of deshi rose growing farmers have marketing constraints.

3. Impact of front line demonstration on “INM in Rose” on rose growers of Anand district

3.1. Investigator: 

1. Smt. Amita B. Parmar, Scientist (Horticulture), KVK, Devataj

2. Mr. Pinakin C. Patel, Assistant Professor, DEE, AAU, Anand

3.2.      Objectives:

1. To study the profile of FLD beneficiaries of rose growers

2. To study the impact of FLD on the knowledge level of rose growers

3. To study the impact of FLD on the adoption level of rose growers

4. To study the constraints faced by rose growers in adoption of INM technology

5. To seek suggestions from the rose growers

3.3. Introduction

The rose is one of the most important commercial flower crop growing in our country. The loose flowers are used in worship, making garlands, button holes and bouquets. It is also used for preparation of rose attar, rose oil, rose water and gulkand. The total area under rose cultivation in Gujarat is about 4000.04 ha, with production of 36000.75 MT of loose flowers (Anon. 2015-16). In Gujarat major growing districts are Anand, Vadodara, Kheda, Ahmedabad, Mehsana, Rajkot, Surat, Valsad and Navsari. The total area under rose cultivation in Anand district is about 250 ha, with production of 2488 MT of loose flowers (Anon. 2015-16). In Anand major rose growing talukas are Anand (Villages : Tranol, Rasnol, Kunjarav, Zakhala, Badhipura etc.) and Tarapur (Villages:  Rinza, Nabhoi, Pachegam  etc.).  The costs of chemical fertilizers are increasing day by day. Hence, for reducing expanses of the same the biofertilizers may serve as substitute of chemical fertilizers. In the Year: 2011-12 Dept. of Horticulture, BACA, AAU, Anand gave recommendation to the farmers of middle Gujarat Agro Climatic Zone-III (AES-II) growing deshi rose (Rosa damascena L.) are advised to apply 40 g nitrogen (87 g urea), 40 g phosphorus (250 g single super phosphate) and 25 g K2O (42 g murate of potash) per plant in three equal splits from third year onward in June, October and January and after two days of fertilizers application 1 ml/plant each of  Azospirillum and PSB (Bacillus coagulans) should be applied as soil treatment mixing in 200 ml of water for getting higher flower yield, maximum shelf life of flowers as well as higher net realization.Therefore the present investigation was conducted for Anand district.

3.4       Methodology:

            Anand district of Gujarat state comprise of eight talukas and among these eight talukas, Anand and Tarapur talukas were purposively selected as number of rose growers were higher as compared to other talukas. Front line demonstrations were conducted by KVK, Anand in these talukas. 

3.4.1    Selection of villages

            A list of the villages having rose cultivation was obtained from horticulture department and five villages (Tranol, Rasnol, Kunjarav, Zakhala, Badhipura) from Anand taluka and three villages (Rinza, Nabhoi, Pachegam) from Tarapur taluka were selected.

3.4.2    Selection of respondents

 A list of FLD beneficiary and FLD non-beneficiary deshi  rose growers were prepared from selected villages. From each villages five respondent who benefited by FLD and five respondent who not benefited by FLD from KVK were selected. Thus total 40 FLD beneficiaries were selected purposively and 40 FLD non beneficiaries respondents were selected randomly from selected eight villages of two talukas. The Interview schedule was prepared in accordance with the objectives of the study.

3.4.3.   Data collection:

            Data were collected through personal interviews and questionnaires data were analyzed.

3.5. Results:

            Data in Table-1 shows that majority of the FLD beneficiary and FLD non beneficiary rose growers were belonged to middle age (52.50 per cent). 37.50 and 27.50 per cent FLD beneficiary and non beneficiary deshi  rose growers had up to secondary level of education, respectively. In case of farming experience 30.00 and 37.50 per cent FLD beneficiary and non-beneficiary had low level of farming experience, respectively.

More than one third (37.50 per cent) of the FLD beneficiary farmer had medium level of rose cultivation experience and non beneficiary farmer had very low level (35.00 per cent) of rose cultivation experience. 72.50 and 55.00 per cent FLD beneficiaries and  non-beneficiaries had membership in only one organization. More than two fifth (45.00 per cent) of the FLD  beneficiaries had small size of total land holding and 32.50 per cent FLD non beneficiaries had medium size of total land holding. 37.50 per cent FLD beneficiaries had small land under deshi rose cultivation whereas 30.50 per cent FLD non beneficiaries had medium land under deshi rose cultivation. Nearly half (52.50 and 47.50 per cent) of the FLD beneficiaries and non beneficiaries had low income from deshi rose cultivation. 37.50 and 52.50 per cent of the FLD beneficiaries and  non beneficiaries had low level of extension contact, respectively. Thirty five per cent of FLD beneficiaries had very high level of mass media exposure whereas 37.50 per cent of FLD non beneficiaries had medium level of mass media exposure. 60.00 per cent of the FLD beneficiaries had medium to high level of economic motivation whereas, 40.00 per cent of the FLD non beneficiaries had medium level of economic motivation.

Conclusion:

From the study it is concluded that majority of the FLD beneficiary and FLD non beneficiary rose growers were belonged to middle age. More than one third of the FLD beneficiary farmer had medium level of rose cultivation experience and non beneficiary farmer had very low level of rose cultivation experience. Nearly half of the FLD beneficiaries and  non beneficiaries had low income from deshi  rose cultivation. Cent percent of the FLD beneficiary deshi rose growers possess knowledge about various INM technologies in deshi rose. Whereas, FLD non beneficiary deshi rose growers possess low level of knowledge about different INM technologies in rose. More than three fourth of the FLD beneficiaries had knowledge about all recommended INM technologies in deshi rose.

More than half to three fourth of the FLD beneficiaries adopted almost all the recommended INM technologies in deshi rose cultivation. Less than one third of the FLD beneficiaries had adopted INM technologies above and below recommendation. Only one fifth of the FLD non beneficiaries had adopted INM technologies in deshi rose cultivation as per recommendation. Majority of the  FLD non beneficiaries had not adopted INM technologies like; application of FYM at the time of planting, application of FYM every year, application of potashic fertilizers and application of correct dose of biofertilizers. Most of the FLD beneficiaries and non beneficiaries told that there were no visible results of biofertilizer found in INM technologies of deshi rose cultivation. Half of the FLD beneficiaries suggested that more number of FLDs should be conducted for popularizing the use of Bio fertilizer while, great majority of the non- beneficiaries suggested that literature should be distributed to deshi rose growers about the Rose production technology